Wednesday, February 27, 2013

The SNL Writing Showcase is almost here!

The April 1st deadline for 2013 SNL Writing Showcase entries is fast approaching. Please help SNL recognize superb student work by encouraging your students to apply. For consideration, students simply fill out the form available here and email it with the writing submission to snlwriting@depaul.edu

Winners will be receive a plaque and public recognition at the Spring Awards Luncheon and have the opportunity to publish their writing on the SNL Writing Guide



Monday, February 25, 2013

Faculty Field Trip to the Loop Writing Center


As part of the February mentoring meeting there will be a field trip to the Loop Writing Center. 

As a mentor or advisor, this trip will offer you a great opportunity to learn about the many useful resources available for students and faculty at the Writing Center. The field trip will be conducted by Mark Brand, the coordinator of writing groups for the University Center for Writing based Learning (UCWbL). It will include a tour of the facility along with an orientation and a Q&A session with Mark.

Some of the topics that will be covered during this informative trip include:
  • Services available for students at the Loop and suburban campuses (tutoring, writing groups, and more)
  • Information about AP/ILP workshops
  • An explanation of how tutors work with SNL students as well as what tutors have learned about SNL students and APs
  • Services available for ESL speakers
  • Services available for faculty (Writing Fellows, workshops, faculty development, and peer resources for your own writing)              
Time: 12:00 p.m. – 1:00 p.m.
Date: February 28
Location: Loop Writing Center, 25 E. Jackson, 16th Floor
               
*Field trip attendees will depart the mentoring meeting together as a group.

We look forward to seeing you there.  

Wednesday, February 20, 2013

Maintaining the Muse Across the Curriculum


By Steffanie Triller Fry

At the School for New Learning, Academic Writing for Adults and Writing Workshop students are encouraged to think about their writing process: Where and how do they write best? What setting or mood works for them? Do they write better with or without music? Can they compose on a computer or do they prefer to begin with pen?
            I had one student who only wrote in purple pen; another wrote on the bus; still another wrote all of her papers between one and three A.M. In each case, the student found what worked for them, and it proved successful: it resulted in the written word.
            Anne Lamott calls it “sitting,” and Laurie Foos calls it “keeping your [rear] in the chair” (expletive avoided). As part of my current Master of Fine Arts in writing study, I attended a seminar with novelist Laurie Foos at Lesley University this past January. Her focus was on techniques and inspiration to keep our “rears” in our chairs, and I was struck by how many of these ideas and techniques would work for SNL students, not just in their writing courses, but in all of their courses. Because students write for nearly all courses in this writing-intensive program, their process is something that the student will carry with them from their initial Foundations course through the Advanced Project. The student’s process should enable them to craft papers for all of their college courses.
            Instructors in all subject areas can use writing to access both students prior and current knowledge on a topic, but as Ray Bradbury writes in his chapter “How to Keep and Feed a Muse” in Zen and the Art of Writing, “It isn’t easy” (31). In this chapter, Bradbury writes about finding a muse, or finding the energy to write. At one point, he compares the search to “those little specks of light, those airy bubbles which float across everyone’s vision, minute flaws in the lens or the outer, transparent skin of the eye. Unnoticed for years, when you first focus your attention on them, they can become unbearable nuisances, ruptures in one’s attention at all hours of the day. They spoil what you are looking at, by getting in the way” (32). Bradbury’s description of these specks of light sounds remarkably like the process of an adult student attempting to surface prior knowledge.
            Utilizing the student’s writing process can help. Just as Bradbury believes that finding the muse allows us to find our “Most Original Self,” becoming better readers, observers, and writers is the journey of the adult student at the School for New Learning. We encourage surfacing of prior knowledge and dialogue with new knowledge – and much of this dialogue happens through writing.
             In order to encourage our students to surface their “Most Original Selves” across the curriculum, perhaps we can all encourage them to strive for Kent Haruf’s “holy trinity in the art of writing”: freshness, simplicity, and clarity. If we ask them to strive for these simple goals in all of their writing, perhaps students will return the focus to the learning, and worry less about the prose. Perhaps the process will carry from the writing class to the humanities, natural science, and media arts class. Perhaps we will all read the fresh, simple, clear writing that we so desire from our students’ work.

To that end, here are a few tools from Foos’ January seminar on “Courting the Muse” that I have already added to my students’ toolboxes. They seem to be using them regularly, and with much success. Note that I have offered a version of Foos’ exercises for writing courses as well as for WAC courses (in other words, any SNL course that is not specifically designated as a writing course):

Headlines
·      For writing courses: Choose particularly sensational headlines from journalistic newspapers, magazines, or even tabloids. Give students five to choose from and have them create the story.
·      For WAC courses: Choose headlines from scholarly journals or popular magazines in the field. Give students five to choose from, and have them write on what they already know about the topic. This is a good way to surface prior learning.

The Word Game
·      For writing courses: Have students write down five things: a) a job, b) a common item (noun), c) another common item (noun), d) a verb ending in –ing, e) an adjective. Then have them pass this piece of paper to a neighbor. Each student should take the words they are given and connect them in a story.
·      For WAC courses: Complete the same exercise above, but make the categories more specific to the focus of the course. This exercise can help students make connections or discover topics for final papers.

First lines
·      For writing courses: Give students three first lines from novels, short stories, or nonfiction articles. Have them choose one and write.
·      For WAC courses: Give students three first lines from scholarly or popular or trade journals in your field. Have them continue the “story” using what they know of the topic.


Works Cited

Bradbury, Ray. “How to Keep and Feed a Muse.” Zen in the Art of Writing. New York:
Bantam, 1992. 31-46. Print.

Foos, Laurie. “Courting the Muse.” Lesley University. 6 Jan 2013. Lecture.

Haruf, Kent. “To See Your Story Clearly, Start by Puling the Wool over Your Own
Eyes.” Writers on Writing. New York: Times Books, 2002. 84-89. Print.

Thursday, January 31, 2013

Reverse Outlining

By Kaitlin Fitzsimons

 In the New York Times Draft piece, “Outlining in Reverse,” Aaron Hamburger explains how he edits his work by ‘outlining’ what he’s already written. This approach helps guarantee that each paragraph is in support of the main idea of his story, and any superfluous material is later cut. Hamburger says, “I’ve come to prefer a more organic approach to creation, first laying out my raw material on the page, then searching for possible patterns that might emerge. But now, after I’ve completed a first draft, I compose an outline.” Hamburger points out that he is not the only writer to use reverse outlining, mentioning the helpful reverse outlining resources through the Amherst College website and Purdue Online Writing Lab.

Reverse outlining is in keeping with the outlining section of the SNL Writing Guide, which states, “As you begin writing, your understanding of the topic will grow and change. Allow your new realizations to inform your writing...” Writing first and organizing later allows a writer to capture all of his or her ideas on paper without getting bogged down by structural or mechanical considerations. If one or two ideas are found to be superfluous or don’t “fit” within the piece, a writer may wish to save those bits of brilliance for another, more appropriate piece.

Tuesday, January 29, 2013

Smooth Transition: A model for serving ESL students

By Kamilah Cummings

The linguistic diversity of our classrooms continues to increase. According to the U.S. Census Bureau, the number of Americans who speak a language other than English at home has increased 140 percent over the last three decades (Shinand and Kominski). While this linguistic diversity can bring with it a host of cross-cultural benefits, it is not without its challenges for ESL students and faculty. Because of the varied levels of language proficiency that English Language Learners (ELLs) bring with them to mainstream classrooms, schools must develop practices that best meet the needs of the growing ELL student population. One school that has attempted to address the specific needs of ELLs is Miami Dade College (MDC). Although MDC focused on ESL students at a two-year community college, their research can be used to help faculty across disciplines better serve ELLs at all levels. It revealed that there are things that faculty can immediately implement in our own classrooms to improve the learning experience for ESL students. 

From 2008 to 2012, MDC developed an accelerated content-based English for Academic Purposes Program (EAP) called ACE to better prepare its ESL students for a successful transition to mainstream general education courses at the college. The faculty-lead development team at MDC took a content-based and corpus-informed approach to develop the curriculum for the program, which is intended for intermediate- and advanced-level ESL students. Through analysis of faculty surveys and spoken and written language corpora, the team conducted research (Hernandez, Thomas and Schuemann 44). The development team used its research findings to design a curriculum that drew from the most commonly used academic tasks in general education courses at MDC. 

One essential academic task that the team identified was listening (Hernandez, Thomas and Schuemann 47). As simple a task as listening might appear, their research found that complex listening situations like participating in a quick-paced group discussion can be difficult for ELLs, especially if the subject matter is controversial or culturally bound (Hernandez, Thomas and Schuemann 47-48). Hernandez, Thomas, and Schuemann state that listening and reading are the “most required” language abilities for acquiring new information, and students demonstrate this acquisition through speaking and writing (48). However, this too can be difficult for ELLs in mainstream classes because academic language proficiency develops slower than social language proficiency (de Jong and Harper 104). Knowing this can help faculty design group discussions that take into account possible challenges that ELLs might face when participating. 

The corpus research offered more helpful information. The development team consulted two corpus linguistic experts from Georgia State University to analyze class lectures and written course materials, including assigned textbook readings. The written language corpus revealed that students who were enrolled in four courses were expected to read more than 700,000 words in a semester, which included the recycling of nearly 30,000 different words (Hernandez, Thomas and Schuemann 46). When one considers that research has shown that most advanced ESL students have vocabularies of 5,000 words or less (Hernandez, Thomas and Schuemann 46), it is easy to see how frustration can set in for these students. Limited vocabulary presents challenges for ELLs in understanding content and expressing ideas. 

The oral language corpus research found that during lectures faculty often employed rhetorical questioning by asking and answering their own questions. This practice can present challenges for ELLs because it does not align with the teaching model of ESL classes. Additionally, the conversational style used in many general education courses did not align with the academic style used in ESL classrooms. This research also revealed that faculty did not vary their conversational speed or vocabulary to increase accessibility for ELLs. Finally, the findings showed that faculty tended to make cultural references that were confusing for ELLs (Hernandez, Thomas and Schuemann 47). Teachers in linguistically diverse classrooms are often unaware of the impact that their conversational style, cultural allusions, and vocal modulations (or lack thereof) might have on ELLs. Adjustments in these areas can make class discussions more beneficial for ELLs.

The team also used the research to identify some implications for teaching English for Academic Purposes.  One noteworthy implication for faculty was that ELLs do not tend to self-advocate. Therefore, they need to be taught to seek assistance when they need it. This includes seeking help from a tutor or even asking assignment-related questions. A second important implication was that ELLs need to participate in small and large group discussions. Hernandez, Thomas and Schuemann state that because listening and reading are integral to content-based learning, ELLs need practice developing their oral language skills, which will, in turn, translate into improved reading and writing skills (Hernandez, Thomas and Schuemann 48). In addition to improving listening and oral language skills, participating in group discussions can assist ELLs in developing vital critical thinking skills. 

Another implication worth noting is that ESL students have varied perceptions of plagiarism. The development team suggested that faculty incorporate activities such as analysis of real-life examples of plagiarism or role plays that mimic plagiarism disputes to help ESL students better understand plagiarism. The final noteworthy implication was that ESL students are largely unfamiliar with the reflective paper. Yet, the research found that the reflective paper was the most common writing assignment across all the disciplines studied at MDC. The reflection paper is considered a new type of writing assignment for ELLs because they are usually taught to write based on rhetorical modes in ESL writing classes (Hernandez, Thomas and Schuemann 49-50). Therefore, if faculty assign this type of paper, they cannot take for granted that ELLs will understand the assignment.

The takeaways from MDC’s research findings and subsequent curriculum design for the ACE program are significant. If anything, they challenge faculty across disciplines to consider in what ways their teaching styles might help or hinder the ELLs in their classes. MDC’s ACE Program demonstrates that the more we know about the needs of ELLs, the better we can serve these students in our own classrooms. Unlike many schools, ESL students at SNL are not segregated into ESL classes. Therefore, by increasing our awareness of the challenges that these students face and implementing changes where we can, we will better position ourselves to assist them in achieving their academic goals.

Works Cited

de Jong , Ester J. and Candace A Harper. "Preparing Mainstream Teachers for English-Language Learners: Is Being a Good Teacher Good Enough?" Teacher Education Quarterly 32.2 (2005): 101-124.

Hernandez, Kelly, Michelle Thomas and Cynthia Schuemann. "Navigating Uncharted Waters: An Accelerated Content-Based English for Academic Purposes Program." Teaching English in the Two-Year College 40.1 (2012): 44-56.

Shinand, Hyon B and Robert A Kominski. "Language Use in the United States: 2007." 2010.

Thursday, December 20, 2012

The Year in Review...

As the end of the year draws nigh, reflect on some of the year’s best articles on writing with “The 19 Most Popular Articles on Writing of 2012" from Writer's Digest The articles will address your most burning questions on writing, including “Snuck vs. Sneaked” and “50 Questions to Consider When Writing a Novel.” Happy holidays and happy writing!